Background: In dentistry re-establishing, a lost dental esthetic appearance is one of the most important topics. Advances in modern dental materials provide patients with a choice of natural-looking laminates as esthetic restorations. Aim: This study aims to evaluate and compare shear bond strength of direct composite laminate veneer using different surface treatments. Setting and Design: A total of 60 permanent maxillary central incisors were selected for the study. The extracted teeth were thoroughly cleaned and stored in 3% hydrogen peroxide at room temperature for 24 h and then stored in normal saline. Materials and Methods: The facial surfaces of the teeth were prepared to accommodate laminates of equal thickness and were randomly divided into four groups which were allocated to receive different surface treatments. Group A and B included total-etch adhesive system with etching time 15 s and 60 s, respectively, Group C included a self-etch adhesive system with two components and Group D included self-etch adhesive system with single component. After these surface treatments, direct composite laminate veneers were placed on the teeth samples. Later, thermocycling process was carried and final testing was done using universal testing machine. Statistical Analysis: Results were compared with 1-way ANOVA and post hoc Tukey HSD test. Results: The mean shear bond strength was found to be highest for the total-etch method with 60s etching time followed by etching for 15s and the lowest was found to be of self-etch adhesive comprising of a single component. Conclusions: The study concluded that the mean shear bond strength of direct composite laminate veneers using total-etch adhesive system with 60 s etching time was found to be significantly higher compared to other surface treatment methods used in the study.

Context: Gingivitis is a soft-tissue inflammation of the gingiva. It is initiated in the oral cavity by the accumulation of plaque. Among the various plaque control methods, dentifrices play a major role to reduce the microbial load in gingivitis patients. Herbal dentifrice reduces plaque levels and gingival inflammation. In a revolutionary process on dentifrice, BlueM (BM) International has recently introduced the BM dentifrice. Its mechanism of action is to reduce inflammation by controlled delivery of reactive oxygen species to injury sites. Aims: The aim of this study was to compare the clinical efficacy of two commercially available toothpaste, BM, and Dabur Red (DR) in gingivitis patients. Settings and Design: To compare the anti-plaque and anti-gingivitis efficacy of two commercially available toothpaste by measuring gingival, plaque, and bleeding indices in gingivitis patients. Subjects and Methods: A total of 45 patients with chronic gingivitis were included in the study. After oral prophylaxis, they were divided into three groups: Group A, Group B, and Group C who received BM toothpaste, DR toothpaste, and placebo toothpaste, respectively. The clinical parameters were recorded at baseline, 1^st, 2^nd, and 3^rd weeks. Statistical Analysis Used: Data on the gingival index (GI) and plaque index (PI) and bleeding index (BI) were statistically analyzed by the mean and standard deviation between the groups using analysis of variance with Statistical Package for the Social Sciences software (SPSS version 20.0) with a 95% confidence level (P < 0.05). Results: The three groups showed significant reduction (P < 0.05) in PI, GI, and BI from baseline. The BM has more significant mean PI and BI than DR. Conclusions: This study demonstrated that active oxygen toothpaste has comparable anti-plaque and anti-gingivitis efficacies with herbal toothpaste (DR).

Background: It has become an increasingly important issue to be able to predict the behavior of biomaterials placed in the human body over the time periods. It is always desirable for the biomaterial to have the ability to show the desired mechanical and esthetic behaviors throughout the determined treatment process. Researchers develop many laboratory and modeling test mechanisms to determine the behavior of biomaterials over time periods. The aim of this study is to perform computer-aided analysis of the mechanical behavior of titanium biomaterial, which is frequently preferred in the human body, under different chewing forces. Materials and Methods: In this study, 20N, 40N, 60N, 80N, and 100N chewing forces were applied to the titanium test specimen prepared in the cylindrical shape. The chewing load analyses obtained after the test were evaluated by comparing with the previous experimental study (mean chewing force as 50N). Results: With the data obtained as a result of this study, it was observed that more plastic deformation occurs when the chewing force increases. It has been predicted that an increased wear area may occur in the test material due to the movement of the chewing mechanism. Conclusion: It can be said that choosing the average chewing force in experimental studies contributes to the occurred of less wear areas on the test material compared to the random chewing forces test procedures.

Context: Awake bruxism (AB) is a common oral behavior that can cause damage to the stomatognathic system. Ecological momentary assessment (EMA) is a method which collects information about the patient in their natural environment, with several alerts throughout the day. Aims: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effectiveness of EMA in the diagnosis and treatment of AB, psychosocial aspects in individuals diagnosed with AB and to compare self-report of AB with the diagnosis of AB through the EMA. Subjects and Methods: The research was performed on an online questionnaire in two stages. The initial sample was composed by volunteers from 18 to 50 years-old, randomly recruited through social media, without restriction of sex and occupation. Settings and Design: The first stage involved answering an online questionnaire for the initial diagnosis of AB, and in the second stage, participants underwent EMA for 15 days and answered online questionnaires about perceived stress and anxiety. Statistical Analysis: Statistical analysis consisted of qualitative and quantitative descriptive statistics with parametric and nonparametric tests, with a significance level of 5%. Results: Results showed a significant moderate and positive correlation between the level of AB "tight muscles without teeth contact" and the level of anxiety. Conclusions: As a treatment, EMA can be effective; however, this will depend also on the patient's commitment.

When inflammatory changes around the tooth reach the periodontal ligament and alveolar bone, it is known as periodontitis, which ultimately leads to tooth loss. Generalized Stage IV periodontitis is characterized by the rapid destruction of periodontal ligament and alveolar bone. It is characterized by pathologic migration of teeth and tooth loss, producing esthetic and functional problems for the patient. For restoration of the lost tooth, implant-supported rehabilitation is one of the most successful treatment options, for a fixed prosthesis. In postsurgical prosthodontic rehabilitation, hybrid prosthesis offers a number of advantages including reducing the impact force of dynamic occlusal loads, being less expensive to fabricate, and highly esthetic restorations. The purpose of this clinical report is to present the clinical experience and 1-year follow-up of treating a middle-aged patient suffering from generalized Stage IV periodontitis by means of the implant-supported hybrid prosthesis.

Treatment and diagnosis of fractured teeth present a big challenge to dentists. Treatment of traumatized teeth can be done with reattachment of a dental fragment both in simple and complicated coronal fractures. A 28-year-old male patient came to our department with a traumatic crown fracture of the permanent, left maxillary molar. The patient complained of pain upon mastication, and on examination left maxillary second molar has a fracture line extending in a mesiodistal direction. Partial pulpotomy with the help of erbium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Er: YAG) laser was done to relieve symptoms and to reduce microleakage and increase strength, the fracture line was sealed with the help of Er: YAG laser. The cavity was then sealed with biodentin and composite. For these types of cases, Er: YAG laser is used for biostimulation of exposed pulp, and also to improve strength and reduce microleakage through sealing of fracture line.

Root perforations severely affect the prognosis of the teeth. This case report presents the successful management of a complex perforation with mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) and fiber post. MTA was used to seal the perforation site since it is regarded as one of the ideal materials for perforation repair. Following retreatment and perforation repair, the root canal was rehabilitated using fiber post and composite resin. The elimination of the clinical signs and symptoms is the primary goal of successful treatment. One-year follow-up showed healthy periodontium with no clinical signs and symptoms.

A 21-year-old male patient reported a chief complaint of a highly placed upper front tooth following a road traffic accident. Clinical examination revealed mild edema on the upper lip and intrusive luxation injury of the maxillary left central incisor. Radiographs showed 8 mm of intrusion without any root fractures. Orthodontic extrusion was initiated, and the tooth was engaged using stainless steel ligature, and activated by 2 mm. Precision was done 3 weeks before debonding to prevent relapse. Debonding was carried out 6 months poststrap up. An endodontic procedure was initiated and calcium-hydroxide dressing was placed as an intracanal medicament for 2 weeks. Obturation was done using gutta-percha and bioceramic sealer followed by postendodontic management with all-ceramic crowns. The patient is under periodic follow-up.